Hoof Trimming

 

A functional hoof trim is employed to avert and address lameness in cattle. This type of trim is intended to establish an improved walking surface by promoting weight distribution on the toe and wall areas, balancing the heels, and safeguarding the flexor tuberosity region. Dairy cattle's feet should generally be trimmed biannually.

Steps of a functional hoof trim

1. Trim the medial hoof

2. Trim the lateral hoof

3. Balance heels

4. Modelling

5. Treat lesions

6. Remove loose horn

The hoof should typically measure 3 inches in most cattle. Measure from the coronary band and excise the surplus hoof using nippers or other instruments to create a cut perpendicular to the weight-bearing surface. Trim the bottom of the foot to a thickness of 1/4 inch, concentrating on the wall in the toe area. Ensure a 3-inch weight-bearing surface. Refrain from trimming the medial heel and maintain a flat bottom for the foot.

Repeat on the opposing side. Additionally, trim the heel to guarantee that the heels bear weight evenly, or that the medial digit is marginally longer and bears more weight. Model the toe to alleviate pressure from beneath the flexor tuberosity to prevent sole ulcers.

Aggressively remove horn over the flexor tuberosity from the lateral digit and slightly from the medial digit to create a separation between them. Avoid the toe triangles.

Cease here in a healthy foot.

To address a sole ulcer, the foot is trimmed so that the area surrounding the sole ulcer is not weight-bearing. The horn can be excised in the heel area until the region is indentable with finger pressure. Subsequently, the loose horn surrounding the ulcer is meticulously removed to prevent the entrapment of manure or bacteria. Eliminate the loose heel horn to reduce crevices and the anaerobic environment that could foster digital dermatitis. Preserve the medial heel length as much as possible when attempting to protect the lateral digit, ensuring it remains weight-bearing.

For damaged feet

• remove loose and undermined hoof horn

o pare away to create smooth surfaces that won’t entrap debris

o remove all unhealthy horn but cease if bleeding occurs

• adjust weight distribution on damaged digits

                o pare the damaged digit lower to minimise weight-bearing on it

A functional hoof trim aims to establish a better walking surface by encouraging weight distribution on the toe and wall areas, balancing the heels, and protecting the flexor tuberosity region. Functional hoof trims assist in preventing sole ulcers and white line disease.

The objective of the trim is to ensure the cow’s hoof measures three inches in length and possesses a flat bottom with three inches of weight-bearing surface. The intention is to avoid trimming the medial heel and ensure the bottom of the foot remains flat. The heel is also trimmed to guarantee even weight distribution and to mitigate any potential issues.

Overall goals for treatment trims:

• Remove loose and undermined digit horn

• Adjust weight distribution on damaged digits

The majority of dairy livestock ought to be groomed biannually or before the cessation of milking, and in the presence of indications of lameness.



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